Exam questions: Systems Software

Question 1

1 mark

1 1 mark

Application software is run on thin client computers. A thin client computer is a very low-powered computer connected to a powerful central server. The operating system and all the applications run within a virtual machine on the server. The thin client computer will only display the output of the virtual machine and capture and send input to the virtual machine.

State one advantage of running the application software within the virtual machine.

Your answer

Mark scheme 1

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

1 mark for:

Reduced hardware is needed on computers / reduced hardware costs
Improved security by keeping all software running from one physical device
Easier/cheaper to manage as only one physical device runs the programs.
Can add/remove resources/memory/processes to the VM
If it is infected by malware it can be deleted and recreated / the rest of the system isn’t affected/is protected against malware
No direct access to hardware
Resources can be used more flexibly between the machines

Guidance

Examiner’s Comments

There were some good responses to this question with many giving the response that Malware would not affect the server. Some talked about being able to try out different operating systems which was not relevant to this scenario.

Your mark for 1

out of 1

Question 2

14 marks

2(a)

Two roles of an operating system are to handle interrupts and manage scheduling.

2(a)(ii) 5 marks

Draw a line to match each scheduling algorithm to the correct description.

Scheduling Algorithm
Round Robin
First come first served
Multi-level feedback queues
Shortest job first
Shortest remaining time

Description

Splits processes into different priority queues based on the amount of processor time they need. It allows them to move between the queues as their characteristics change

Selects the process that takes the shortest amount of time to complete. The processes are run until they are fully complete

Each process is allocated a fixed amount of CPU time. If the process is not complete it will be suspended and the next process will start

Each process is given equal priority and they are processed in the order they arrive

Selects the process that takes the shortest amount of time. The process can be suspended if another shorter process is added

Your answer

Mark scheme 2(a)(ii)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

1 mark for each correct match.

[Image redrawn from the original mark scheme by an AI model (Gemma 4 12B). It may contain mistakes.]

The image shows a table with two columns: "Scheduling Algorithm" and "Description". There are five rows of algorithms on the left and five rows of descriptions on the right. Blue lines connect the algorithms to their corresponding descriptions, but they are incorrectly matched in the diagram:

"Round Robin" is connected to the description: "Splits processes into different priority queues based on the amount of processor time they need. It allows them to move between the queues as their characteristics change." (This is actually the description for Multi-level feedback queues).
"First come first served" is connected to the description: "Each process is given equal priority and they are processed in the order they arrive." (This is actually the description for First come first served).
"Multi-level feedback queues" is connected to the description: "Each process is allocated a fixed amount of CPU time. If the process is not complete it will be suspended and the next process will start." (This is actually the description for Round Robin).
"Shortest job first" is connected to the description: "Selects the process that takes the shortest amount of time to complete. The processes are run until they are fully complete." (This is actually the description for Shortest job first).
"Shortest remaining time" is connected to the description: "Selects the process that takes the shortest amount of time. The process can't be suspended if another shorter process is added." (This is actually the description for Shortest remaining time).

Guidance

Examiner’s Comments

Generally well answered and most candidates gained full marks. Those that did not tended to confuse shortest remaining time with shortest job first but were still able to gain three marks.

Your mark for 2(a)(ii)

out of 5

2(b)

One use of ROM is to store the Basic Input Output System (BIOS). The BIOS is used when the computer is first turned on.

2(b)(i) 3 marks

Describe what the BIOS will do to start up the computer.

Your answer

Mark scheme 2(b)(i)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

1 mark per bullet to max 3:

Contains the computer start up instructions
Loads settings/configuration (CMOS/NVRAM)
Initialises/checks hardware/peripheral devices are available/work / carry out a POST check...
...and reports errors
Determines the drive on which the OS is stored
Finds/loads the bootstrap/operating

system/kernel (into main memory)

Guidance

DNA ‘boots up’ on its own

Examiner’s Comments

Many candidates were able to gain at least one or two marks for saying the BIOS finds/loads the operating system and/or checks hardware.

Your mark for 2(b)(i)

out of 3

Question 3

10 marks

3(a)

A secondary school is upgrading their computers. They decide to install "thin client" computers. A thin client computer is when users access their computer in the usual way with a keyboard, mouse and monitor. However, all processing takes place on the virtual machine on a server rather than the computer at their desk.

3(a)(i) 2 marks

Describe one advantage of using virtual machines in this way.

Your answer

Mark scheme 3(a)(i)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

Allows for more efficient use of computing resources
... Less likely to have workstations run idle
... can allocate more resources to power users dynamically

Or

Thin clients are cheaper than desktops...
...which could save the school money.

Or

Thin clients are often physically smaller than desktops...
...allowing more desk space/workspace for staff/students.

Guidance

Accept other valid reasons with a suitable justification

Examiner’s Comments

This question was generally not answered well. Candidates did not make sure that their responses were specific to thin clients.

Your mark for 3(a)(i)

out of 2

3(a)(ii) 2 marks

Describe one disadvantage of using virtual machines in this way.

Your answer

Mark scheme 3(a)(ii)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

Can cause network overload...
...if the network does not have sufficiently good bandwidth
Could create process lag...
...If lots of large processes run at the same time
If a virtual machine hangs/crashes the user is unable to reset it...
...whereas they can physically reboot on a local machine.
Thin-clients may not be compatible with some peripherals...
...meaning some of the school’s peripherals become unusable.

Guidance

Mark in pairs

Examiner’s Comments

As with Question 3 (a) (i), candidates did not make sure that their responses were specific to thin clients and therefore lost marks.

Your mark for 3(a)(ii)

out of 2

Question 4

24 marks

4(a) 3 marks

A small manufacturing business uses networked computers with closed source application software installed.

Each computer the business uses has a BIOS.

Tick (✓) one box in each row to identify whether each statement in the table is true or false.


	Statement	True	False

BIOS stands for Boot Input Output Standard
The BIOS can be used to alter hardware settings, such as which storage device the computer boots from
BIOS settings are stored in RAM

Your answer

Mark scheme 4(a)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

Statement

True

False

BIOS stands for Boot Input

Output Standard

✓

The BIOS can be used to

alter hardware settings,

such as which storage

device the computer boots

from.

✓

BIOS settings are stored in

RAM

✓

Guidance

1 mark per row.

Examiner’s Comments

This question was generally well answered by candidates.

Your mark for 4(a)

out of 3

4(c)

One computer owned by the business monitors critical-safety features of manufacturing. All input data must be processed within a predictable timescale of a fraction of a second.

4(c)(i) 1 mark

State the type of operating system that should be used by this computer.

Your answer

Mark scheme 4(c)(i)

Real time

Guidance

Correct answer only

Examiner’s Comments

This question was generally well answered.

4(c)(ii) 6 marks

Give the name of three other types of operating system, and for each state its purpose.

Type 1

Purpose 1

Type 2

Purpose 2

Type 3

Purpose 3

Your answer

Mark scheme 4(c)(ii)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

Multi-tasking…
…runs multiple programs at the same time
Multi-user…
… allows multiple users at the same time (must be clear that candidate is not discussing an OS that simply has multiple accounts)
Distributed…
…allows multiple computers to work together on a single task
Embedded…
…has a dedicated/limited function
…is read-only / cannot be changed

Guidance

Mark in pairs

Allow real time if not given as previous answer

Do not accept "runs on an embedded system" as expansion of embedded OS, this is NE.

Examiner’s Comments

This question was generally well answered with Embedded,
Distributed, Multi-User and Multi- Tasking being the most common answers. Some candidates struggled to name and a type of operating system. Centres should advise candidates that OS brand names are not accepted as a type.

Your mark for 4(c)(ii)

out of 6

4(d) 3 marks

When a device such as a keyboard or printer requires attention from the CPU, an interrupt is raised.

Explain how an operating system deals with an interrupt.

Your answer

Mark scheme 4(d)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

Interrupt checked for at start/end of each fetch-execute cycle
If the interrupt is of a lower/equal priority to the current process then the current process continues
(If interrupt raised) contents of registers copied to stack
Flags are set to determine if interrupts are enabled / disabled
Program counter changed to point to Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) / ISR runs
After interrupt complete, previous register values restored back from stack
Flag is reset
If higher priority interrupt received during servicing of interrupt…
…this is added to stack and new interrupt dealt with

Guidance

Examiner’s Comments

Many candidates were able to gain full marks on this question. Unfortunately, some candidates showed a lack of detail in their answers. Some candidates talked about interrupts being run during an FDE cycle or assumed that an interrupt would be

run immediately with no reference to priorities.

[An examiner's marking symbol, not shown here.]

Your mark for 4(d)

out of 3

4(e) 9 marks

Memory management is a key function of an operating system. Explain how an operating system can manage the memory available to applications and why doing so is important.

You should include the following in your answer:

the different actions carried out by an operating system to manage memory
how memory that is being managed can be split up
why memory management is important.

Your answer

Mark scheme 4(e)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

Mark Band 3 – High Level (7–9 marks)
The candidate demonstrates a thorough knowledge and
understanding of memory
management carried out by operating systems. The material is generally accurate and detailed.

The candidate is able to apply their knowledge and understanding directly and consistently to the context provided. Evidence/examples will be explicitly relevant to the explanation.

The candidate is able to thoroughly assess the importance of memory management to an efficient and secure system.

There is a well-developed line of reasoning which is clear and logically structured. The information presented is relevant and substantiated.

Mark Band 2 – Mid Level (4–6 marks)
The candidate demonstrates reasonable knowledge and understanding of memory
management carried out by operating systems. The material is generally accurate but at times underdeveloped.

The candidate is able to apply their

knowledge and understanding directly to the context provided although one or two opportunities are missed. Evidence / examples are for the most part implicitly relevant to the explanation.

The candidate makes a reasonable attempt to assess the importance of memory management to an efficient and secure system.

There is a line of reasoning presented with some structure. The information presented is in the most part relevant and supported by some evidence.

Mark Band 1 – Low Level (1–3 marks)
The candidate demonstrates a basic knowledge of memory management carried out by operating systems; the material is basic and contains some inaccuracies. The candidate makes a limited attempt to apply acquired knowledge and understanding to the context provided.

The candidate provides nothing more than unsupported assertions. Any discussion of the importance of memory management will be vague or lacking detail.

The information is basic and communicated in an unstructured way. The information is supported by limited evidence and the relationship to the evidence may not be clear.

0 mark
No attempt to answer the question or response is not worthy of credit

Guidance

The following shows example content that may form part of a candidate’s answer. It is not intended to be an exhaustive resource, nor should a candidate be expected to specifically cover any particular amount of this.

Knowledge (AO1)

Memory management means to ensure that RAM is used efficiently and not wasted
Removes data not needed anymore (garbage collection), frees up space and allocates memory to applications
Paging or segmentation may be used to split up memory
Paging uses fixed size divisions whereas segmentation uses varying size divisions
Paging is where memory is divided physically
Segmentation is where memory is divided logically
Virtual memory may be used when RAM is (almost)full to enable applications to continue to run

Application (AO2)

If RAM is unavailable or full, applications cannot be loaded
Data transferred out of RAM into virtual memory to free up

space and then transferred back again when needed

Also includes security so that data stored in memory is not vulnerable
Memory management is important for a well-running machine. If not, RAM would rapidly run out and fill up with unneeded data/instructions and so no new applications could run
Paging causes internal fragmentation whereas segmentation causes external fragmentation
A page table is used to map page location which is slower than a segmentation table
It is easier for the OS to manage page locations as they can be stored non- contiguously. Segments can be non-contiguous but work better contiguously

Evaluation (AO3)

RAM is much more expensive than secondary storage (per unit/GB) so virtual memory is useful
rather than having to buy more RAM
Over use of virtual memory causes slow down and even disk thrashing if pages have to be swapped back and forth too often
Paging can be more effective because any free memory space can be used to swap data in and out whereas with segments, lots of space will sit unused until a segment the right size is available
Segmentation errors can cause memory leakage which would cause the system to crash
Security issues – applications can only access memory allocated to them so (for example) a malicious application cannot access the

memory allocated to a banking app. Also when applications are closed, data is removed before being reallocated so that applications cannot see historic data

Examiner’s Comments

Many candidates were able to show an understanding of pages being a fixed size and segments being variable size, but few were able to relate virtual memory to the use of pages and segments and few had an understanding of how they are used. Responses to why it is important tended to be vague. There were a few candidates who talked about compression which was not relevant to the question.

Your mark for 4(e)

out of 9

Question 5

2 marks

5 2 marks

A computer system will contain several input and output devices.

Explain the role of device drivers when using input and output devices on a computer system.

Your answer

Mark scheme 5

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

A piece of software which allows hardware/device to communicate…
…with the operating system

Guidance

Examiner’s Comments

This question was generally answered well. Some candidates were not given the second mark as they did not make reference to the operating system.

Your mark for 5

out of 2

Question 6

7 marks

6

Anika’s computer runs a multi-tasking operating system. She has access to a printer and a broadband internet connection through a wireless connection. The operating system uses scheduling algorithms such as first come first served and round-robin.

6(i) 2 marks

Explain why the computer’s operating system uses a first come first served algorithm when sending documents to the printer.

Your answer

Mark scheme 6(i)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

For printer queue
All documents/users have equal priority
Whichever document is received first is printed first
First in First Out / Last in Last Out

Guidance

Examiner’s Comments
This question was generally well answered with many candidates gaining at least 1 mark. The question asked why the OS used ‘first come first served’ and many candidates were not given marks for stating why the user would want the OS to use it. Some candidates talked about other scheduling algorithms even though this was not relevant to the question.

Your mark for 6(i)

out of 2

6(ii) 3 marks

Explain why the computer’s operating system uses a round-robin algorithm for allocating processor time.

Your answer

Mark scheme 6(ii)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

To enable multitasking to take place
To switch between active processes and those running in the background
To limit each process to a certain amount of time/allow processes an equal share of processor time….
…to ensure the OS cycles through all processes / the process then goes to the back of the end of the queue
…so that users can receive an immediate response
…to handle an interrupt immediately

Guidance

BP4, 5 & 6 are dependent on BP3 only

Your mark for 6(ii)

out of 3

6(iii) 2 marks

Describe one other scheduling algorithm.

Your answer

Mark scheme 6(iii)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

Shortest job first / shortest remaining time
Process which has the shortest time (remaining) is completed first
Multilevel feedback queues
Uses queues with different priorities
Jobs can be moved between queues

Guidance

One mark for name, one mark for description.

Your mark for 6(iii)

out of 2

Question 7

10 marks

7(a)

One role of an operating system is the Interrupt Service Handler. This allows processes being executed by the CPU to be interrupted.

7(a)(i) 1 mark

One example of an interrupt would be removing an external hard disk drive from a computer.

State why this would need to interrupt the current fetch-decode-execute cycle of the CPU.

Your answer

Mark scheme 7(a)(i)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

1 mark for any of the following points, e.g:

GUI will need to remove open file manager windows
OS will need to remove open files/release locks
Inform the CPU to cease transferring files

Guidance

Allow other suitable alternative answers.

Examiner’s Comments
Very few candidates achieved a mark here. Many mentioned that the CPU would be busy but were not specific enough to gain the mark. In questions of this type, examples need to be specific to the question.

Your mark for 7(a)(i)

out of 1

7(a)(ii) 2 marks

Interrupt Service Handlers make use of a stack data structure.

Describe how a stack is used when handling interrupts.

Your answer

Mark scheme 7(a)(ii)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

1 mark per bullet up to a maximum of 2 marks, e.g:

Stacks use LIFO/FILO storage
As processes are halted by an ISR they are pushed on the stack
When they are returned, they are popped from the top of the stack
So they are returned to in correct order

Guidance

Examiner’s Comments
Few candidates gained both marks for this question. The concepts of pushing and popping items was mentioned by many candidates although this was often too vague and didn’t link to the question. Candidates needed to use the correct terms for accessing items from a stack to gain the marks in this question.

Your mark for 7(a)(ii)

out of 2

7(b) 2 marks

Arnold has several computing devices around his home. Each device has an operating system installed.

Arnold has a PC which has a Basic Input Output System (BIOS).

Describe what is meant by the term ‘BIOS’.

Your answer

Mark scheme 7(b)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

1 mark per bullet up to a maximum of 2 marks, e.g:

Stored in ROM
Tests hardware/components (are working)
Boots up the operating system

Guidance

Accept description of POST/Power On Self Test for BP2

Accept loads up instead of boots up (BP3)

Examiner’s Comments
This was generally answered well, although some candidates were vague in their response. The concept of the BIOS booting up the Operating System was missed by some, but most candidates mentioned the BIOS checking that the hardware is operational (POST).

Exemplar 1

[Image redrawn from the original mark scheme by an AI model (Gemma 4 12B). It may contain mistakes.]

A candidate's handwritten answer:

Basic input output system, responsible for the power on self test (POST) which checks memory and peripheral units are working correctly before used to call the bootstrap, which will load [an] Operating System

Exemplar 1 was given full marks. The candidate achieved the first mark for being clear that the BIOS checks hardware and has provided a suitable example. The second mark has been awarded for explaining that the BIOS loads the operating system. Although it was not essential to mention POST (Power-On-Self-Test) this is useful to explain the process that occurs.

Your mark for 7(b)

out of 2

7(c)

Arnold has a router. It will receive data packets from other computers on Arnold’s network or the internet and then route them on to the next step.

The scheduling algorithm Arnold’s router uses is First Come First Served.

7(c)(i) 1 mark

State the name of one other scheduling algorithm.

Your answer

Mark scheme 7(c)(i)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

1 mark for any of the following bullet points:

Round Robin
Multi-level feedback queues
Shortest job first
Shortest time remaining

Guidance

Do not Allow:

First come First Served

Examiner’s Comments
Round Robin was the most popular answer by far. Most candidates achieved the mark although some used the example in the question. Candidates should be reminded to read the questions carefully here and to not repeat answers already provided.

Your mark for 7(c)(i)

out of 1

7(c)(ii) 2 marks

Explain why First Come First Served is a suitable scheduling algorithm for Arnold’s router.

Your answer

Mark scheme 7(c)(ii)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

1 mark per bullet up to a maximum of 2 marks, e.g:

Jobs dispatched on a FIFO basis
Each job/packet is equal priority
Each job/packet switch has the same processing time

Guidance

Accept processed instead of dispatched (Bp1)

Do not accept task/data instead of jobs (BP1 to 3)

Examiner’s Comments
Few candidates achieved both available marks and most missed the concept of jobs/packets having equal priority.

Your mark for 7(c)(ii)

out of 2

7(d) 2 marks

One role of an operating system is to manage the computer’s memory.

Two types of memory management are paging and segmentation.

Describe one difference between paging and segmentation.

Your answer

Mark scheme 7(d)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

1 mark per bullet up to a maximum of 2 marks, e.g:

Paging uses physical addressing….
….Segmentation uses logical addressing
Paging uses fixed size memory blocks….
…. Segmentation uses variable length memory blocks

Guidance

Answer must cover paging and segmentation for 2 marks.

Do not accept data instead of memory

Examiner’s Comments
To get both marks, candidates need to be clear that paging and
segmentation are about allocating memory. Many candidates were not clear on this and discussed managing data or packets. Candidates should be careful to use the correct terminology for questions of this type in particular.

Your mark for 7(d)

out of 2

Question 8

15 marks

8(a) 4 marks

Operating systems usually come with utility software pre-installed.

Give two examples of utility software, explaining the purpose of both.

1

2

Your answer

Mark scheme 8(a)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

e.g.

Encryption
…scrambles meaning of data files with a key
Defragmentation
…organises file segments on secondary storage
Compression
… reduces size of files
Backup
…makes regular copies of files in case of loss
Disk Checker

Guidance

Mark in pairs, 2 marks per example.

Accept other sensible examples of utility software.

Your mark for 8(a)

out of 4

8(b)

Imogen buys a desktop computer. It comes with an operating system installed.

8(b)(i) 4 marks

Describe two ways that an operating system could manage physical memory.

1

2

Your answer

Mark scheme 8(b)(i)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

Paging
…blocks of memory of equal size / fixed size
Segmentation
…blocks of memory split logically /variable size

Your mark for 8(b)(i)

out of 4

8(b)(ii) 2 marks

Explain one benefit of memory management to the user.

Your answer

Mark scheme 8(b)(ii)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

e.g.

Security
…does not let programs access memory reserved for other programs.
Multitasking
...allows multiple programs to run at once

Your mark for 8(b)(ii)

out of 2

8(b)(iii) 2 marks

Describe how virtual memory allows a user to run programs when physical memory is full.

Your answer

Mark scheme 8(b)(iii)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

(Currently unneeded) pages moved from memory to secondary storage
…to create room in memory
pages moved back to memory when required

Your mark for 8(b)(iii)

out of 2

8(c) 3 marks

Operating systems make use of device drivers.

Define what is meant by the term ‘device driver’, giving one example of a device driver that a home user would need.

Definition

Example

Your answer

Mark scheme 8(c)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

Software/program
…that allows the operating system to communicate with hardware

Examples:

Printer driver
Webcam driver
Sound card driver
Graphics card driver etc.

Guidance

Max two for description, Max one for example

Your mark for 8(c)

out of 3

Question 9

9 marks

9(a) 2 marks

Julie is a university student. She is considering buying a laptop to help with her studies both at home and university. Her friend has told her she will need to choose an operating system to run on her laptop.

Two functions of an operating system are memory management and scheduling.

State two other functions of an operating system.

1

2

Your answer

Mark scheme 9(a)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

1 mark per bullet up to a maximum of 3 marks, e.g.:

Peripheral management
Handle interrupts
File management
Provides a user interface
Provides platform to install and run software.
Provides utilities for system maintenance.
Allows multi-tasking
Provides security

Guidance

Do not accept memory management or processor scheduling.

Your mark for 9(a)

out of 2

9(b) 2 marks

The operating system Julie is considering makes use of paging to manage the laptop’s memory.

Explain one benefit of using paging for this purpose.

Your answer

Mark scheme 9(b)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

1 mark per bullet up to a maximum of 2 marks, e.g:

Programs/data can be held in non-contiguous memory locations (using virtual addressing)…
…making it easier to make best use of remaining storage/ to avoid having to move

content around to fit in new programs.

It allows pages to be transferred to and from secondary storage (i.e. virtual memory).
As random access there is no performance drop vs sequential storage

Your mark for 9(b)

out of 2

9(c) 4 marks

Julie’s friend has told her she should buy a laptop with a solid-state drive that uses flash technology rather than a magnetic hard drive.

Explain two reasons why Julie would use flash technology to store her files.

1

2

Your answer

Mark scheme 9(c)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

1 mark for stating an initial reason and 1 mark for suitable expansion for each (4 marks total), e.g.:

Faster read/write times…
… allows Julie to complete her work quicker
More portable/durable…
… allows Julie to be mobile between home and university
Lower power consumption…
… Allows Julie to use all through the day without recharge
Quieter running …
… Allows Julie to use her laptop during lectures without disturbing people/lecturer

Guidance

Maximum of 2 marks for each reason.

Expansion points must be relevant to the scenario stated in the question.

Accept reliable for durable on BP3

Your mark for 9(c)

out of 4

9(d) 1 mark

State the name of one utility that Julie could install on her laptop.

END OF QUESTION PAPER

Your answer

Mark scheme 9(d)

Tick each point your answer makes. Your mark is worked out from your ticks, and you can change it.

1 mark for any of the following bullet points: e.g.

Disk Defragmentation
System Clean-up
Anti-Virus/Malware
Firewall
File management
Disk Drivers

Your mark for 9(d)

out of 1